SAÚDE MENTAL


ASSISTÊNCIA À SAÚDE MENTAL; POLÍTICA DE SAÚDE; MUDANÇA CLIMÁTICA

021
MARI, J. de J. et al. The S20 Brazilian Mental Health Report for building a just world and a sustainable planet: Part II. Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry, v. 46, p. e20243707, 2024. Disponível em Scielo

This is the second part of the Brazilian S20 mental health report. The mental health working group is dedicated to leveraging scientific insights to foster innovation and propose actionable recommendations for implementation in Brazil and participating countries. In addressing the heightened mental health challenges in a post-pandemic world, strategies should encompass several key elements. This second part of the S20 Brazilian Mental Health Report will delve into some of these elements, including: the impact of climate change on mental health, the influence of environmental factors on neurodevelopmental disorders, the intersection of serious mental illness and precision psychiatry, the co-occurrence of physical and mental disorders, advancements in biomarkers for mental disorders, the use of digital health in mental health care, the implementation of interventional psychiatry, and the design of innovative mental health systems that integrate principles of innovation and human rights. Reassessing the treatment settings for psychiatric patients in general hospitals, where their mental health and physical needs are addressed, should be prioritized in mental health policy. As the S20 countries prepare for the future, we need principles that can advance innovation, uphold human rights, and strive for the highest standards in mental health care.

 

DETERMINANTES SOCIAIS DA SAÚDE; POPULAÇÕES VULNERÁVEIS; SERVIÇOS DE SAÚDE DA CRIANÇA; DIREITOS HUMANOS

022
MARI, J. de J. et al. The S20 Brazilian Mental Health Report for building a just world and a sustainable planet: Part I. Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry, v. 46, p. e20243706, 2024. Disponível em Scielo

This is the first of two documents prepared by experts for the Brazilian S20 mental health report. These reports outline strategies aimed at addressing the exacerbated mental health challenges arising from a post-pandemic world. Ongoing psychiatric epidemiology research has yielded evidence linking mental health with intricate social determinants, including gender, race/ethnicity, racism, socioeconomic status, social deprivation, and employment. More recently, the focus has expanded to also encompass violence and social oppression. By prioritizing prevention and early intervention, harnessing technology, and fostering community support, we can mitigate the long-term impact of emerging mental disorders throughout the life course. By utilizing evidence-based practices and forging partnerships between the health and education sectors, S20 countries can promote the health and safety of their student population, paving the way for a more promising future for the next generations. The first document focuses on addressing the mental health concerns of vulnerable populations, catering to the needs of children, youth, and aging populations, assessing the current state of alcohol and drug addictions, scaling up psychosocial interventions in primary care, exploring the potential integration of health and educational systems, and emphasizing the imperative adoption of human rights in mental health policies.

 

POLÍTICA DE SAÚDE; REFORMA DOS SERVIÇOS DE SAÚDE; AMÉRICA LATINA

023
PÉREZ, L. B. et al. Trajetória das políticas de saúde mental na Argentina e no Brasil: por que diferentes padrões de reforma? Physis: Revista de Saúde Coletiva, v. 34, p. e34006, 2024. Disponível em Scielo

As reformas psiquiátricas nos países da América Latina são heterogêneas, apesar de ideais e com objetivos comuns. O artigo analisa a trajetória das políticas de saúde mental no Brasil e na Argentina entre 1990 e 2020. Sob um desenho histórico-comparativo, explora fatores político-institucionais que podem explicar diferenças nas políticas estabelecidas nestes países. Os resultados apontam para a importância do papel desenvolvido por empreendedores de mudanças, com movimentos sociais mais coesos no Brasil. A expansão de regras e serviços comunitários ocorreu principalmente no contexto político de governos progressistas, embora este não seja um fator suficiente para explicá-la. O federalismo não se mostrou um obstáculo a tais políticas, porém na Argentina, a produção legislativa nacional tem sofrido mais constrangimentos do que no caso brasileiro. A reforma psiquiátrica ainda é um processo em disputa nos dois países.