HISTÓRIA DA MEDICINA
081
SZRETER, Simon. The population health approach in historical perspective. American Journal of Public Health, Washington, v. 93, n. 3, p. 421-31, Mar. 2003.
The origin of the population health approach in an historic debate over the relationship between economic growth and human health. In Britain and France, the Industrial Revolution disrupted population health and stimulated pioneering epidemiological studies, informing the early preventive public health movement. A century-long process of political adjustment between the forces of liberal democracy and propertied interests ensued. The 20th-century welfare states resulted as complex political mechanisms for converting economic growth into enhanced population health. However, the rise of a “neoliberal” agenda, denigrating the role of government, has once again brought to the fore the importance of prevention and a population health approach to map and publicize the health impacts of this new phase of “global” economic growth.
PROMOÇÃO DA SAÚDE
082
KICKBUSCH, Ilona. The contribution of the World Health Organization to a new public health and health promotion. American Journal of Public Health, Washington, v. 93, n. 3, p. 383-8, Mar. 2003.
The author traces the development of the concept of health promotion from 1980s policies of the World Health Organization. Two approaches that signify the modernization of public health are outlined in detail: the European Health for All targets and the settings approach. Both aim to reorient health policy priorities from a risk factor approach to strategies that address the determinants of health and empower people to participate in improving the health of their communities. These approaches combine classic public health dictums with “new” strategies, some setting explicit goals to integrate public health with general welfare policy. Health for All, health promotion, and population health have contributed to this reorientation in thinking and strategy, but the focus of health policy remains expenditure rather than investment.
SAÚDE AMBIENTAL
083
SCHIRNDING, Yasmin von; ONZIVU, William; ADEDE, Andronico O. International environmental law and global public health. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, Geneva, v. 80, n. 12, p. 970-4, 2002. Disponível em Scielo
The environment continues to be a source of ill-health for many people, particularly in developing countries. International environmental law offers a viable strategy for enhancing public health through the promotion of increased awareness of the linkages between health and environment of technical and financial resources, strenghtening of research and monitoring, enforcement of health-related standards, and promotion of global cooperation. An enhanced capacity to utilize international environmental law could lead to significant worldwide gains in public health.
